(Bloomberg) — Fund managers touting environmental, social and governance standards held at least $8.3 billion in Russian assets right before President Vladimir Putin launched a war on Ukraine.
The figure is based on an analysis by Bloomberg of roughly 4,800 ESG funds representing more than $2.3 trillion in total assets. Of those, about 300 were directly exposed to Russia, though the figure may be higher.
After almost two weeks of war, those assets are likely to be close to worthless. Investment managers who stayed out of Russia say ESG funds should never have been in the country in the first place. Philippe Zaouati, chief executive of Mirova, the $30 billion sustainable-investing unit affiliated with Natixis Investment Managers, said ESG fund managers need to stick to democracies, and avoid autocracies.
“There is no responsible investment if there is no democracy,” he said.
Read more: ESG Finds Itself at Crossroads After Investing in Putin’s Russia
“We have always thought that ESG was a question of having a sincere intention to use finance for something good; if it’s not this then it’s a management technique or investing style,” he said in an interview last week. “With the Ukraine crisis, we see very clearly that some ESG funds and managers have sincere intentions, and others just apply a technique.”
The Bloomberg analysis also found that at least 13 of the ESG funds holding Russian assets were classified as so-called Article 9, which is a category within Europe’s Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation that denotes the very highest level of sustainability. A further 137 funds were labeled Article 8, which indicates to investors that they “promote” ESG characteristics.
“Given Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine, it is deeply inappropriate for these funds to contain Russian sovereign bonds or state-owned energy companies, which are directly funding the war,” Maria van der Heide, head of EU Policy at nonprofit ShareAction, said on LinkedIn.
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With sustainable investing now a $40 trillion industry that’s been embraced by the world’s biggest financial firms, it’s being applied to virtually all markets and investment products. Banks deal in ESG derivatives, while asset managers track a vast array of indexes from providers like MSCI Inc. that offer varying degrees of ESG alignment.
MSCI, which said last week it’s ditching Russian equities from its emerging-markets gauge, has more than $16 trillion in assets benchmarked to its products overall. It said the move followed feedback from market participants who said Russia’s equity market was “currently uninvestable.”
Read more: How Dumping Russia Is Creating Chaos for Index Funds: QuickTake
Many of the ESG funds that say they’re now trapped in Putin’s Russia tracked such indexes, in large part because the supply of genuinely green or social assets hasn’t been able to keep up with the breathless surge in investment demand.
Bard Bringedal, chief investment officer of Storebrand Asset Management, said the war in Ukraine has left ESG funds facing “one of the most extreme outlying examples” of an “extraordinary” event.
Storebrand, which oversees more than $110 billion in assets from Norway, is exposed to Russia through the MSCI indexes it tracks, though Bringedal said his firm can deviate from those benchmarks if internal analyses show it makes sense to do so.
The “nature of emerging markets is that there is a higher risk of extraordinary events occurring, post-investment,” Bringedal said. “This risk is partly inherent in the potential returns.”
Mirova’s Zaouati said Russia’s war on Ukraine shows that ESG funds can no longer afford to ignore the political backdrop against which they’re investing. He and others also argue that the same logic should apply to assets from China, which Mirova has blacklisted.
“Autocratic regimes, democracy, human rights — these are topics that are nowhere today in ESG analysis,” he said. “If you look at what ESG managers do on human rights, they usually try to avoid any political statement.”
ESG investors who bought Russian assets are now being urged to take a stand. “This is the time to sever ties and to wait for a regime change,” according to Johan Frijns, executive director at nonprofit BankTrack. “Everyone should do whatever they can, including bankers and investors.”
–With assistance from Amine Haddaoui and Alex Dagg.
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